C language does not actually follow any specific method of writing a program. It is a case sensitive language. All the statement must be written in lower case letters. The structure of a C program is shown in below figure.

Programming in C

• • Comment line is a non executable statement. It describes the purpose of the program/ statement which is optional. Documentation to the program is made by adding remarks or comment lines enclosed in /* and * / wherever necessary.
• • The header files or preprocessor directives give instructions to the compiler to include compiler options (#include).
• • Symbolic constant and macro definition phase contains macro substitutions (#define) to substitute a constant for identifier and / or conditional (#ifdef) directives.
• • The statement of main () function are enclosed in curly braces {}.
• • Variables declared outside main () are called global variables, and they can be used in the main program block and sub program block.
• • Variables declared inside main () are called local variables, and they are used only in the block in which they are declared. Subprograms /functions can also have local variables.

Every C program must have a main () function. The main () function is divided in to

• • Declaration of local variables
• • Statements

This function starts with an opening curly brace {and ends with a closing curly brace}.

To support modularity, the C program contains number of user-defined functions.

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